Investigación actual en vacunas para la acuicultura
Resumen
El crecimiento de la Acuicultura intensiva ha provocado un incremento de la incidencia de las enfermedades de peces causadas por virus, bacterias o parásitos. Para controlar estas enfermedades los métodos de prevención utilizando vacunas son uno de los más utilizados. Ahora bien, actualmente sólo varias enfermedades causadas por bacterias (boca roja, forunculosis y vibriosis) se han podido controlar utilizando vacunas tradicionales (bacterias inactivadas). Gracias a la aplicación de las nuevas tecnologías de DNA recombinante (la producción de antígenos por vacunas DNA y por plantas y el uso de nuevos vectores virales por genética reversa junto con los estudios sobre respuestas inmunológicas a los patógenos de las especies cultivadas, se esperan nuevos productos en este campo.
The development of intensive Aquaculture is increasing the fish diseases caused by virus, bacteria and parasites. To control these diseases the prevention method of using vacines is one of the mostly utilized. However, as for today only a few bacterial diseases (red mouth, forunculosis and vibriosis) have been controlled by traditional vaccination (inactivated bacteria). Thanks to the new technologies of recombinant DNA: the production of antigens by DNA vaccination, plants or the use of new viral vectors by reverse genetics, together with the study of fish inmunological responses to pathogens in the cultured especies, new products are expected to develop in this field.
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